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    • 专利摘要:
    HEAT EXCHANGER AND SYSTEM FOR COOLING A FLUID COMPRISING SUCH AN EXCHANGER Tubular heat exchanger (10) comprising: a fluid circulation chamber (20) intended to be supplied by a first fluid, called external fluid, brought to a first temperature, a heat exchange matrix (30) housed in said circulation chamber and formed of a plurality of heat exchange pipes (31) each comprising at least one pair of conduits (32; 33) nested one in the other, extending along a direction, called the longitudinal direction, and defining: a fluid circulation channel, called the inner channel (32c; 33c), adapted to be able to be supplied by a second fluid, said internal fluid, brought to a second temperature, and a fluid circulation channel, called the intermediate channel (32d; 33d), and adapted to be able to be supplied by a third fluid, called the intermediate fluid, brought to a third, distinct temperatureof said first temperature. Figure for the abstract: Figure 1
    公开号:FR3088994A1
    申请号:FR1871990
    申请日:2018-11-28
    公开日:2020-05-29
    发明作者:Johanna Ingenito；Romain Angélique；Florian Bonnivard；Mickael Bregoli；Grégoire Hanss；Jérome Rocchi
    申请人:Liebherr Aerospace Toulouse SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description
    Title of the invention: HEAT EXCHANGER AND SYSTEM
    FOR COOLING A FLUID COMPRISING SUCH A HEAT EXCHANGER
    Technical Field [0001] The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular a tubular heat exchanger for an air or rail transport vehicle. The invention also relates to a system for cooling a fluid comprising such a heat exchanger. The invention also relates to an air conditioning system for a cabin of an air or rail transport vehicle equipped with such a cooling system.
    PRIOR ART [0002] An environmental control system for an aircraft cabin, better known by the acronym ECS for the English name "Environmental Control System", is intended to provide the cabin of the aircraft (which denotes in general any interior space of the aircraft whose air pressure and / or temperature must be controlled, such as a passenger cabin, the cockpit, a hold, etc.) pressurized air and / or temperature controlled.
    For this, it is known to take high pressure air from the propulsion engines of the aircraft and to treat this air with a plurality of equipment to bring it to a temperature and pressure compatible with the needs of the cabin. .
    Among these pieces of equipment, there is at least one air / air heat exchanger which aims to cool the air taken from the propulsion engines of the aircraft by implementing heat exchanges between this flow of hot air and a flow of cold air.
    [0005] Thus, such a heat exchanger generally comprises a hot circuit and a transverse cold circuit configured to be able to ensure heat exchanges between the air flow conveyed by the hot circuit (also designated below by the hot pass) and the cold air flow conveyed by the cold circuit (also designated below by the cold pass).
    The cold circuit can, for example, be supplied by an air flow taken from the secondary flow of the engine, known by the name of fan air, the temperature of which is close to the external environment of the aircraft. , and which can therefore reach in flight temperatures of the order of -50 ° C and a pressure of the order of 200 mbar.
    The cold circuit can also be supplied by a flow of air taken from an aircraft scoop which feeds an air channel, better known by the name of RAM air.
    The hot circuit can be supplied directly by the air taken from the propulsion engines or by air from the engines and already partially treated by equipment upstream of the air conditioning system.
    In the case of electrical air conditioning systems, the hot circuit can be supplied by air taken from outside the aircraft and compressed by suitable compressors.
    Most of the heat exchangers used today on board aircraft consist of fin or plate type heat exchangers. These exchangers are formed by a heat exchange chamber of generally rectangular shape and include stacked layers of fins, for example corrugated which form stacked circulation channels which extend alternately in directions perpendicular from layer to layer. 'other. Thus, the hot pass which feeds one face of the exchanger circulates in the channels of the different layers and the cold pass which feeds a perpendicular face of the exchanger circulates in the transverse channels interposed between two channels of the hot pass. This architecture makes it possible to insert each hot channel between two cold channels over the entire length of the exchanger and therefore to ensure heat exchanges between the two fluids.
    The international application WO201802171 in the name of the applicant describes such a heat exchanger.
    These heat exchangers allow to cool the air taken from the engines or the ambient air compressed by dedicated compressors, before being treated by other equipment of the air conditioning system to be able to supply the cabin of the 'aircraft. The cooling capacity of an exchanger is directly proportional to its size.
    However, the size and weight of a heat exchanger are two critical characteristics for aircraft manufacturers who constantly seek to minimize the weight and volume of the exchanger while targeting significant cooling performance.
    The inventors therefore sought a new solution allowing to increase the exchange surfaces within the exchanger while limiting as much as possible the size of the exchanger.
    The inventors have in particular sought to develop a heat exchanger which can be used, not only in the context of air conditioning systems of a transport vehicle, such as an aircraft, but also in all types of cooling systems requiring the cooling of a hot fluid from a source of hot fluid with a cold fluid from a source of cold fluid.
    As such, the invention is not limited only to heat exchangers intended for air conditioning systems, but also to heat exchangers intended for all types of heat exchange applications.
    Objectives of the invention The invention aims to provide a heat exchanger which overcomes at least certain drawbacks of the known solutions.
    The invention aims in particular to provide, in at least one embodiment, a heat exchanger which makes it possible to optimize the exchange surfaces.
    The invention also aims to provide, in at least one embodiment, an exchanger which has a reduced size compared to existing heat exchangers.
    The invention also aims to provide, in at least one embodiment, an exchanger whose pressure drops are reduced.
    The invention also aims to provide, in at least one embodiment, an exchanger which can be embedded in a fluid circulation pipe to functionalize such a pipe and thus reduce the size of the system.
    The invention also aims to provide a system for cooling a hot fluid with a cold fluid equipped with a heat exchanger according to the invention.
    The invention also aims to provide an air conditioning system equipped with a heat exchanger according to the invention.
    The invention also aims to provide an air or rail transport vehicle equipped with an air conditioning system according to the invention.
    Disclosure of the invention To do this, the invention relates to a heat exchanger comprising:
    a fluid circulation chamber comprising a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet intended to be supplied with a first fluid, said external fluid, brought to a first temperature,
    a heat exchange matrix housed in said circulation chamber and formed of a plurality of heat exchange pipes each comprising at least one pair of conduits nested one inside the other, said to be internal conduit and external conduit respectively, extending along a direction, called longitudinal direction, and defining:
    O a fluid circulation channel, said interior channel, delimited by said interior duct, and adapted to be able to be supplied by a second fluid, said interior fluid, brought to a second temperature, and
    O a fluid circulation channel, said intermediate channel, delimited by the inter-conduit space between said inner conduit and said outer conduit, and adapted to be able to be supplied by a third fluid, said intermediate fluid, brought to a third temperature, distinct from said first temperature.
    A heat exchanger according to the invention has a particular configuration with a heat exchange matrix formed of a plurality of heat exchange pipes comprising at least one pair of ducts nested one inside the other, housed in a fluid circulation chamber. Such a heat exchange matrix configuration has the advantage of having a double heat exchange surface and thus of increasing the heat exchange surfaces while reducing the size of said heat exchanger.
    More particularly, a heat exchanger according to the invention comprises a chamber in which circulates a fluid brought to a first temperature. A plurality of heat exchange pipes each comprising at least one pair of conduits nested one inside the other is arranged in this chamber. Each tubing comprises at least one pair of conduits defined by an interior conduit housed in an exterior conduit respectively delimiting an interior channel and an inter-conduit intermediate channel. Also, each channel (respectively the inner channel and the intermediate channel) can be supplied with a dedicated fluid.
    According to the invention, said exterior and interior conduits are nested one inside the other in order to allow the intermediate fluid to circulate in the intermediate channel delimited by the inter-conduits space and the interior fluid to circulate in the inner channel delimited by the inner duct. The inner conduit forms the heat exchange surface between the inner fluid and the intermediate fluid while the outer conduit forms the heat exchange surface between the outer fluid supplying the chamber and the intermediate fluid. The nested conduits therefore form a double heat exchange surface for the intermediate fluid.
    Thus, the intermediate fluid flowing in the intermediate conduit can be heated or cooled (depending on the temperatures of the interior, intermediate and exterior fluids) both by the interior fluid flowing in the inner channel and by the exterior fluid flowing in the fluid circulation chamber. This double heat exchange enabled by the particular structure of the exchanger according to the invention therefore makes it possible to cool and / or heat the intermediate fluid with better efficiency than the systems of the prior art.
    According to the invention, the configuration of the nested conduits allows not only to form a double zone of heat exchange, but also to reduce the size of the exchanger. In particular, double heat exchange has the advantage of reducing the number of heat exchange pipes within an exchanger while benefiting from an exchange surface equivalent to that of an existing exchanger. The exchanger according to the invention makes it possible to increase the exchange surface compared to an existing exchanger and therefore to obtain a more efficient heat exchanger, with equivalent dimensions, or to obtain equivalent performance, reduced dimensions.
    According to the invention, said interior and exterior fluids intended respectively to supply said interior channel with a pair of nested conduits and said fluid circulation chamber come from the same source of fluid.
    Thus said exterior and interior fluids are of the same nature and can be brought to the same temperature. The interior and exterior fluids thus enclose the intermediate fluid circulating in the intermediate channel. The intermediate fluid therefore undergoes heat exchanges of the same kind, both at the level of the internal wall delimited by the internal conduit and at the level of the external wall delimited by the external conduit.
    In addition, according to the invention, the exterior and interior fluid is the fluid of the cold pass and the intermediate fluid is the fluid of the hot pass. The cold pass thus makes it possible to cool the hot pass by circulating around it in the chamber and also at the center of the hot pass by circulating in the interior duct delimiting the interior channel.
    The intermediate fluid is thus cooled more efficiently since said nested conduits delimiting the inter-conduit space in which the intermediate fluid can circulate, are both in contact with a fluid brought to a lower temperature. In this case, the cooling of the intermediate fluid is facilitated and the cooling efficiency of said fluid is improved.
    According to the invention, the inner channel can communicate with said fluid circulation chamber so that the fluid flowing in said chamber is the same fluid flowing in said inner channel.
    Said inner conduit of the heat exchange pipe then opens directly into said fluid circulation chamber. Also, the same supply system is sufficient to supply both the inner channel and said circulation chamber. Thus, this configuration requires only a single fluid passing through the fluid circulation chamber from the inlet to the outlet, at the same time supplying the said internal channels with the heat exchange pipes.
    According to a variant of the invention, the internal, intermediate and external fluid flows are air flows, originating respectively from a flow of hot air, for example taken from a propulsion engine of an aircraft and a flow of cold air, taken for example from outside the aircraft.
    Advantageously and according to the invention, at least one heat exchange tube - in particular each heat exchange tube - comprises at least two pairs of nested conduits, the said intermediate channels of which are supplied by the same intermediate fluid distributor.
    According to this advantageous variant, a distributor makes it possible to supply the different pairs of nested conduits of the heat exchange tubing.
    Such an intermediate fluid distributor is for example formed of a tube comprising an intermediate fluid inlet which splits into several tubes to form several sources of supply of intermediate fluid to the intermediate channels. In the case where the tubing comprises two pairs of nested conduits, the distributor has a fluid inlet and two fluid outlets opening into each of the two intermediate channels of said two pairs of nested conduits.
    Preferably, said distributor has a general shape of Y, the base of the Y forming the inlet of the intermediate fluid in the tubing and the two branches of the Y forming supply channels for the intermediate channels.
    Each distributor can be connected to the same supply system to facilitate the distribution of intermediate fluid in all of the distributors and subsequently in the intermediate channels of the various heat exchange pipes.
    In the case where the tubing comprises three pairs of nested conduits, the distributor has a fluid inlet and three fluid outlets opening into each of the three intermediate channels of the three pairs of nested conduits. Of course, nothing prevents the provision of tubing comprising more than three pairs of nested conduits for an equivalent effect.
    A distributor according to this variant of the invention therefore makes it possible to supply a plurality of intermediate channels from a plurality of pairs of conduits by a single supply of intermediate fluid.
    Advantageously and according to the invention, at least one heat exchange tube - in particular each heat exchange tube - comprises at least two pairs of nested conduits, said pairs being connected together by at least one transverse spacer.
    According to this variant, the connecting spacer arranged between the pairs of nested conduits can create turbulence within the fluid circulation chamber which improves the heat exchanges between the external fluid circulating in the chamber and the intermediate fluid which circulates in the intermediate canals.
    The connecting spacer can also have a heat exchange functionality by conducting at least part of the heat captured from the external duct to the mixing chamber.
    In addition, a tube according to this variant equipped with a spacer is rigid so that a plurality of tubes according to this variant allows, when the tubes are associated with each other, to form a compact matrix network of tubes d 'trades.
    Advantageously and according to the invention, at least one transverse spacer in particular each transverse spacer - comprises at least one opening configured to allow the passage of said external fluid between said pairs of nested conduits connected by this spacer in a direction having an angle included between 0 ° and 90 ° relative to said longitudinal direction.
    According to this variant, said transverse spacer comprises at least one opening to allow better circulation of said external fluid within the circulation chamber between the pairs of conduits.
    According to this variant, the external fluid is distributed homogeneously in said circulation chamber in order to favor the heat exchanges between said external fluid and said intermediate fluid circulating in the intermediate channel of the pipes.
    Advantageously and according to the invention, at least one interior duct - in particular each interior duct - of at least one pair of nested conduits - in particular of each pair of nested conduits - passes through said intermediate fluid distributor.
    This allows the internal channels to be supplied, either directly by the fluid circulating in the circulation chamber, or by a fluid dedicated to the internal channels, in which case the internal conduits also pass through the circulation chamber of external fluid.
    According to this variant, an intermediate fluid supply system can distribute said intermediate fluid in said intermediate channels through the distributors. The supply of interior fluid can be done through a second supply system dedicated to the distribution of said interior fluid which can supply said interior channels which can extend out of the circulation chamber.
    Advantageously and according to the invention, at least one interior duct - in particular each interior duct - of at least one pair of nested conduits - in particular of each pair of nested conduits - passes through said intermediate fluid distributor and opens into said chamber traffic.
    According to this variant, the interior conduits open directly into the fluid circulation chamber so that the supply of the fluid circulation chamber also allows the supply of the interior channels delimited by the interior conduits.
    Advantageously and according to the invention, at least at least one heat exchange tube - in particular each heat exchange tube - comprises at least one pair of nested conduits whose conduits are connected to each other by a spacer which extends in the intermediate channel between the inner conduit and the outer conduit.
    According to this variant, the interior and exterior conduits which together form a pair of nested conduits of the tubing are mechanically connected by at least one spacer which extends in the inter-conduit space between the conduits to stiffen the assembly thus formed.
    Advantageously and according to the invention, at least one heat exchange pipe
    - in particular each heat exchange pipe - comprises at least one pair of nested cylindrical conduits.
    According to this variant, the conduits are cylindrical. A cylindrical conduit is understood in the mathematical sense of the term, that is to say that such a conduit is a solid generated by a straight line which moves parallel to itself on a generator. Such a generator can be square, circular, oval, etc.
    Preferably, the nested conduits are cylindrical with a circular base.
    According to this variant, said cylindrical conduits are optimized to be arranged in a fluid circulation chamber which is preferably also cylindrical with a circular base. In other words, the heat exchanger then forms a cylindrical tubular exchanger which can be embedded in a cylindrical pipe. Thus, the tubular heat exchanger comprising a cylindrical chamber can be easily integrated within a cylindrical fluid circulation pipe.
    An exchanger according to this variant of the invention, embedded in a cylindrical pipe, makes it possible to functionalize this pipe, and therefore to limit the size of the exchanger by housing it in an equipment already present, thus freeing up space outside the pipe.
    According to this variant, the cylindrical shape of the conduits also makes it possible to reduce the pressure forces which are exerted on the walls of the conduits nested by the fluids circulating inside and outside the conduits.
    The heat exchange pipes of a heat exchanger according to the invention can also have any shape. Thus, the pipes can for example be cylindrical, extending in a rectilinear fashion along a longitudinal direction, but nothing prevents the provision of other embodiments in which the pipes are curved, or draw spirals, or any other form.
    Advantageously and according to the invention, at least one heat exchange pipe
    - in particular each heat exchange pipe - comprises at least one pair of concentric nested conduits.
    This advantageous variant makes it possible in particular to standardize the forces exerted on the conduits and to simplify the operations of nesting the conduits in one another.
    Advantageously and according to the invention, said heat exchanger further comprises a housing, said housing delimiting the fluid circulation chamber.
    According to this variant, the exchanger chamber is delimited by a casing which comprises at least a plurality of pipes arranged in said chamber so that the exchanger is integrated into a pipe, preferably cy9 lindrique.
    The invention also relates to a system for cooling a fluid having a first temperature, called hot fluid, with a fluid having a second temperature, said cold fluid, comprising a hot fluid circuit adapted to be able to be supplied with fluid hot by a source of hot fluid, and a cold fluid circuit adapted to be able to be supplied with cold fluid by a source of cold fluid.
    A cooling system according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises a heat exchanger according to the invention, said hot circuit supplying said intermediate channels and said cold circuit supplying said interior channels and said circulation chamber of said exchanger.
    A cooling system according to the invention can be implemented in all applications requiring cooling of a hot fluid with a cold fluid (cooling of electronics by a heat transfer fluid; cooling of air taken from a propulsion engine for an air conditioning system; etc.). The fluids can be of the same nature (air / air or liquid / liquid) or of a different nature (air / liquid or liquid / air).
    The advantages of a heat exchanger according to the invention apply mutatis mutandis to a cooling system according to the invention.
    Advantageously and according to the invention, said intermediate channels and said interior channels are supplied against the current by said hot and cold circuits respectively.
    According to this variant, the internal fluid circulates in the internal channel of each tube against the current of the intermediate fluid which circulates in the intermediate channel of each tube, that is to say that the fluids each circulate in directions opposite. As a variant or in combination, the external fluid can also circulate against the current of said intermediate fluid.
    The invention also relates to an air conditioning system for a cabin of a transport vehicle comprising at least one air cooling system according to the invention.
    According to this variant, the hot air circuit is for example supplied by air taken from a propulsion engine of the aircraft and said cold air circuit is for example taken from the secondary flow of the engine of the aircraft or outside the aircraft.
    Of course, nothing prevents the use of an exchanger according to the invention by providing that the hot fluid does not come from a sample from the propulsion engines of the aircraft, which can for example be the case in as part of electrical air conditioning systems for which the hot air is obtained by means of compression of the air taken from outside the aircraft.
    The invention also relates to an air, rail or motor vehicle comprising at least one propulsion engine, one cabin and at least one air conditioning system of said cabin, characterized in that the conditioning system of cabin air is an air conditioning system according to the invention.
    The advantages of an air conditioning system according to the invention apply mutatis mutandis to a transport vehicle according to the invention.
    The invention also relates to a heat exchanger, a fluid cooling system, an air conditioning system and an aircraft, characterized in combination by all or some of the characteristics mentioned above or below.
    List of Figures Other objects, characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description given by way of non-limiting example and which refers to the appended figures in which:
    [Fig.l] is a schematic sectional view of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [Fig.2] is a schematic perspective view of a plurality of heat exchange pipes forming the heat exchange matrix of an exchanger according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [Fig.3a] is a schematic perspective view before of a tube of an exchanger according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [Fig.3b] is a schematic rear perspective view of a tube of an exchanger according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [Fig.4a] is a schematic perspective view before a tube of an exchanger according to another embodiment of the invention.
    [Fig.4b] is a schematic rear perspective view of a tube of an exchanger according to another embodiment of the invention.
    [Fig.5] is a schematic view of a heat exchange matrix of an exchanger according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [Fig.6] is a schematic view of a heat exchange matrix of an exchanger according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [Fig.7] is a schematic view of an aircraft according to an embodiment of the invention.
    Detailed description of an embodiment of the invention [0093] In the figures, the scales and the proportions are not strictly observed and this, for purposes of illustration and clarity. In all the detailed description which follows with reference to the figures, unless otherwise indicated, each element of the tubular heat exchanger is described as it is arranged when the exchanger is housed in an air circulation pipe which extends along a direction, called longitudinal direction, which coincides with the direction along which extend the heat exchange pipes of the exchanger. This configuration is notably shown in FIG. 1.
    In addition, identical, similar or analogous elements are designated by the same references in all the figures.
    In the following, the description considers that the heat exchanger is installed within an air conditioning system, it being understood that the exchanger can be used for other applications than the cooling of high temperature air, taken for example from a propulsion engine of an aircraft.
    Figure 1 schematically illustrates a tubular heat exchanger 10 embedded in a pipe 23 for air circulation. The exchanger may include a casing embedded in line 23.
    The exchanger 10 further comprises a matrix 30 of heat exchanges, housed in a chamber 20 for circulation of fluid, and formed of a plurality of pipes 31 of heat exchanges extending in a longitudinal direction 70, which coincides for example with the direction along which the pipe 23 extends.
    The chamber 20 is supplied with air brought to a first temperature. This air is for example air taken from outside the aircraft. This fresh air is schematically represented by the arrow referenced 72a in FIG. 1.
    The heat exchange pipes 31 have, in the embodiment of Figures 2, 3a, 3b, 5 and 6, a Y shape, the base of the Y forming a distributor 50 for supplying intermediate channels, forming the branches of the Y, in an intermediate air brought to a second temperature, distinct from the temperature of the air supplying the chamber 20. This intermediate air is for example hot air taken from the propulsion engines of the aircraft. This hot air is schematically represented by the arrow referenced 71 in FIG. 1.
    The pipes 31 are also configured to have interior channels supplied with fresh air, which can be the same air as that which supplies the chamber.
    20. This air is schematically represented by the arrow 72b in FIG. 1. According to another embodiment, the interior channels can be supplied with air brought to another temperature distinct from the temperatures of the outside air and of the air. intermediate.
    [0101] Figure 2 illustrates in more detail a portion of the heat exchange matrix of an exchanger according to the invention. Each tubing comprises two pairs 32; 33 of conjugate concentric conduits connected to a distributor 50 of intermediate fluid. The dispenser 50 includes an intermediate fluid inlet 51 supplied by a supply system not shown in detail in the figures and two fluid outlets 52 for supplying the intermediate channels 32c and 33c of the pairs 32; 33 of nested conduits one in the other. The two pairs 32, 33 of conduits are connected together by means of a transverse spacer 40 which further comprises an opening 41 allowing the passage of the air flowing in the chamber 20.
    Figures 3a and 3b illustrate a Y-shaped tube 31. The tube Y-shaped 31 can be manufactured by an additive printing system, such as a 3D printer.
    As illustrated in these figures, the Y-shaped tube 31 comprises two pairs 32; 33 of ducts nested one inside the other, which are also concentric in the embodiment of the figures. Each pair of ducts is formed by two nested ducts, respectively an inner duct 32a; 33a and an outer conduit 32b; 33b.
    The inner conduits 32a; 33a delimit an internal channel 32c; 33c of indoor air circulation, which is for example cold air.
    The inter-duct space formed by the inner duct 32a; 33a and the outer conduit 32b; 33b defines an intermediate channel 32d; 33d of circulation of an intermediate air, which is for example hot air.
    The outer conduit 32b; 33b is connected to the two fluid outlets 52 of the distributor 50 so that the intermediate fluid supplying the distributor through the inlet 51 is distributed to the intermediate channels 32c; 33c.
    The inner channel 32c; 33c of each pair of conduits opens into the fluid circulation chamber 20 so that the air flow circulating in the internal channel is the air flow circulating in the chamber 20. To do this, the outlets 52 of the distributor 50 connected to the outer conduits 32b; 33b are crossed by the internal conduit 32a; 33a which opens directly into the chamber 20 for circulation of fluid so that the chamber 20 and the internal channels are supplied with the same flow of fresh air.
    The matrix 30 is formed of Y-shaped pipes 31 whose pairs of conduits 32; 33 concentric conjugates are parallel to each other. The Y-shaped pipes 31 are associated with each other to form a layer of pipes 31.
    Several layers can be stacked on each other so as to form a matrix network of pipes 31 within a chamber 20 to form the matrix 30. The layers of Y-shaped pipes 31 can be stacked so that the inlets 51 of all the distributors 50 are staggered with respect to each other; thus creating spaces for the passage of the external fluid circulating in the chamber 20.
    Figures 4a and 4b illustrate a tubing according to another embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the tubing comprises a distributor 50 and three pairs of nested conduits 32, 33, 34 one inside the other. In addition, the distributor 50 supplies the three pairs 32, 33, 34 of conduits in parallel from a single supply to the distributor.
    [0110] According to other embodiments not shown, a tube can include four pairs of nested or advantageous conduits.
    In Figure 5, there are on either side of the inlet 51 of the distributor 50, the internal channels 32c and 33c in which the internal fluid circulates which also supplies the chamber 20 in which is housed the matrix 30 heat exchange, and not shown in this figure.
    [0112] Figure 6 schematically illustrates the pairs of conduits 32; 33 nested and in particular the outer conduits 32b and 33b which are connected together by the transverse spacer 40.
    According to this embodiment, the heat exchanger 10 can be integrated into an air conditioning system 62. In addition, the pipes 31 as illustrated are cylindrical and thus make it possible to obtain a cylindrical matrix 30 which can be housed in a chamber 20 delimited by a cylindrical casing, which can be integrated in a cylindrical air circulation duct and in particular in an air conditioning system 62 fitted to an aircraft 60.
    As illustrated in FIG. 7, the air conditioning system 62 comprises a hot circuit and a cold circuit intended to supply the tubular exchanger according to the invention. The intermediate fluid is the fluid conveyed by the hot circuit and is, for example, air taken from the propulsion engines 61 of the aircraft. The cold circuit which makes it possible to supply the internal fluid and the external fluid is for example an air circuit taken from the secondary flow of the engine or an air taken from outside the aircraft.
    The tubular heat exchanger 10 can be directly embedded in an air circulation pipe and in particular in an air conditioning system 62 which equips an aircraft 60. According to this embodiment, the size of the exchanger 10 is thus limited while having an increased heat exchange surface with a system of nested conduits allowing a double heat exchange.
    The present invention has been described in connection with an aeronautical application, in particular for an air conditioning system of an aircraft cabin.
    However, a heat exchanger according to the invention can be implemented, not only in the context of air conditioning systems of a transport vehicle, such as an aircraft, but also in all types cooling systems requiring the cooling of a hot fluid from a source of hot fluid with a cold fluid from a source of cold fluid.
    As such, a heat exchanger according to the invention can equip not only systems as described in application EP3342709 in the name of the applicant, but also systems as described in applications EP3190282, WO201634830, EP3392146, WO2018122334, FR2894563 or FR3051894. This list is of course not exhaustive and is cited only to allow a person skilled in the art to perceive the application potential of a heat exchanger according to the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    Claims [Claim 1] Heat exchanger (10) comprising:a fluid circulation chamber (20) comprising a fluid inlet (21) and a fluid outlet (22) intended to be supplied by a first fluid, called the external fluid, brought to a first temperature,- a heat exchange matrix (30) housed in said circulation chamber (20) and formed of a plurality of heat exchange pipes (31) each comprising at least one pair of nested conduits (32; 33) one of the other, respectively called inner conduit (32a; 33a) and outer conduit (32b; 33b) extending along a direction, called longitudinal direction (70), and defining:O a fluid circulation channel, said interior channel (32c; 33c), delimited by said interior duct (32a; 33b), and adapted to be able to be supplied by a second fluid, said interior fluid, brought to a second temperature , andO a fluid circulation channel, said intermediate channel (32d; 33d), delimited by the inter-conduit space between said inner conduit (32a; 33a) and said outer conduit (32b; 33b), and adapted to be able to be supplied by a third fluid, called intermediate fluid, brought to a third temperature, distinct from said first temperature. [Claim 2] Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one heat exchange pipe (31) comprises at least two pairs of nested conduits (32; 33), the said intermediate channels (32c; 33c) of which are supplied by the same distributor (50) of intermediate fluid. [Claim 3] Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one heat exchange pipe (31) comprises at least two pairs of nested conduits (32; 33), said pairs being connected to each other by at least one transverse spacer (40). [Claim 4] Heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one transverse spacer (40) comprises at least one opening (41) configured to allow the passage of said external fluid between said pairs of nested conduits connected by this spacer in a direction having an angle between 0 ° and 90 ° relative to said longitudinal direction (70). [Claim 5] Heat exchanger according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that at least one internal duct (32a; 33a) of at least one pair
    of nested conduits (32; 33) passes through said intermediate fluid distributor (50). [Claim 6] Heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one internal duct (32a; 33a) of at least one pair of nested ducts (32; 33) passes through said intermediate fluid distributor (50) and opens into said circulation chamber (20). [Claim 7] Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one heat exchange pipe (31) comprises at least one pair of nested conduits, the conduits of which are connected to one another by a spacer which extends in the intermediate channel between the inner conduit and the outer conduit. [Claim 8] Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one heat exchange pipe (31) comprises at least one pair of cylindrical nested conduits (32; 33). [Claim 9] Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one heat exchange pipe (31) comprises at least one pair of concentric nested conduits. [Claim 10] Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it further comprises a casing (23) housing said heat exchange pipes, said casing delimiting the chamber (20) for circulation of fluid. [Claim 11] Cooling system for a fluid having a first temperature, called hot fluid, by a fluid having a second temperature, called cold fluid, comprising a hot fluid circuit adapted to be able to be supplied with hot fluid by a source of hot fluid, and a cold fluid circuit adapted to be able to be supplied with cold fluid by a source of cold fluid, characterized in that it further comprises a heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 10, said hot circuit supplying said intermediate channels and said cold circuit supplying said interior channels and said circulation chamber of said exchanger. [Claim 12] Cooling system according to claim 11, characterized in that said intermediate channels and said interior channels are supplied against the current by said hot and cold fluids respectively. [Claim 13] Air conditioning system for a cabin of a transport vehicle comprising at least one air cooling system according to claim 11 or 12.
    [Claim 14] Air, rail or motor vehicle comprising at least one propulsion engine (61), one cabin and at least one air conditioning system for said cabin, characterized in that the cabin air conditioning system is a air conditioning system (62) according to claim 13.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN113272612A|2021-08-17|
    EP3887741A1|2021-10-06|
    WO2020109707A1|2020-06-04|
    US20220011049A1|2022-01-13|
    FR3088994B1|2020-12-25|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4440217A|1982-06-10|1984-04-03|Stieler Scott M|Counterflow heat exchanger|
    FR2894563A1|2005-12-14|2007-06-15|Liebherr Aerospace Toulouse Sa|Heat exchange circuit for air conditioning and cooling electronic equipment in aircraft, comprises heat exchangers, first and second heat transfer fluid loops and auxiliary tubes connecting the loops|
    US20130206374A1|2010-03-15|2013-08-15|The Trustees Of Dartmouth College|Geometry of heat exchanger with high efficiency|
    US20170001943A1|2014-02-04|2017-01-05|Sabic Global Technologies B.V.|Method for producing carbonates|
    WO2016034830A1|2014-09-05|2016-03-10|Liebherr-Aerospace Toulouse Sas|Air conditioning system for a "more electric" airplane|
    WO2016057443A1|2014-10-07|2016-04-14|Unison Industries, Llc|Multi-branch furcating flow heat exchanger|
    WO2017029211A1|2015-08-14|2017-02-23|Karlsruher Institut für Technologie|Flow conducting elements in a channel|
    EP3190282A1|2016-01-11|2017-07-12|Liebherr-Aerospace Toulouse SAS|Electrical architecture of an aircraft comprising a cooling plate|
    FR3051894A1|2016-05-30|2017-12-01|Liebherr Aerospace Toulouse Sas|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COOLING AT LEAST ONE HOT LOAD ON BOARD A VEHICLE SUCH AS A PARTIALLY REVERSIBLE FLUID LOOP AIRCRAFT|
    WO2018002171A1|2016-06-29|2018-01-04|Liebherr-Aerospace Toulouse Sas|Heat exchange device comprising at least one stiffening device, air-conditioning system and vehicle|
    WO2018122334A1|2016-12-29|2018-07-05|Liebherr-Aerospace Toulouse Sas|Method for supplying air at a controlled temperature to a cabin of a land vehicle, and land vehicle|
    EP3342709A1|2017-01-03|2018-07-04|Liebherr-Aerospace Toulouse SAS|Method and device for environmental control of an aircraft supplied with bleed air at intermediate pressure|
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    法律状态:
    2019-12-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2020-05-29| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20200529 |
    2020-11-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2021-11-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1871990A|FR3088994B1|2018-11-28|2018-11-28|HEAT EXCHANGER AND FLUID COOLING SYSTEM INCLUDING SUCH A HEAT EXCHANGER|FR1871990A| FR3088994B1|2018-11-28|2018-11-28|HEAT EXCHANGER AND FLUID COOLING SYSTEM INCLUDING SUCH A HEAT EXCHANGER|
    PCT/FR2019/052781| WO2020109707A1|2018-11-28|2019-11-22|Heat exchanger and system for cooling a fluid comprising such a heat exchanger|
    EP19839341.5A| EP3887741A1|2018-11-28|2019-11-22|Heat exchanger and system for cooling a fluid comprising such a heat exchanger|
    US17/298,536| US20220011049A1|2018-11-28|2019-11-22|Heat exchanger and system for cooling a fluid comprising such a heat exchanger|
    CN201980087669.XA| CN113272612A|2018-11-28|2019-11-22|Heat exchanger and system for cooling a fluid comprising such a heat exchanger|
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